Bulletin SBS, ročník 36, č. 1/2014
Biologické pôdne krusty viatych pieskov na lokalite Sekule, Záhorská nížina
Biological soil crusts of aeolian sands on locality Sekule, Záhorská nížina Lowland
s. 11–18
Abstract: The question of biological soil crust (their composition, function or appearance) in temperate zones, including Slovakia, is not yet thoroughly treated and this topic offers many ideas for further more comprehensive studies. This contribution provides the first insight into the species composition of biological soil crusts with an emphasis on cyanobacterial and algal microflora and it suggests its importance in the development of the ecosystem. Sampling and field observations of crusts were made monthly from spring to autumn in 2011–2013 on the study site Sekule (Záhorská nížina Lowland). Altogether 4 genera with 4 species of Cyanobacteria/Cyanoprokaryota, and 19 genera with 29 infrageneric taxa of different groups of microscopic algae were identified based on morphological attributes. Eight taxa are recorded for the first time in the territory of Slovakia (Pseudophormidium hollerbachianum, Radiosphaera minuta, Bracteacoccus grandis, B. minor, Coccomyxa gloeobotrydiformis, Coelastrella terrestris, Ettlia bilobata and Interfilum terricola). Biological soil crusts studied in this area represent only temporary stage of successional development in our climatic zone. Algal crusts (named after the dominant organisms) are gradually replaced by thicker crust with predominance of mosses and lichens which are able to affect considerably the properties of sandy soil.
Keywords: biological soil crust, phototrophic organisms, sandy soil, Slovakia.
Nová lokalita prietržníka sivého (Herniaria incana Lam.) na Slovensku
New locality of Herniaria incana Lam. in Slovakia
s. 19–23
Abstract: A new locality of Herniaria incana Lam. (Caryophyllaceae), critically endangered species for Slovakia, was recorded east of the town Komárno. The plant is growing sporadically in the Nature Reserve “Pod Starým vrchom” near the village Šrobárová on abandoned loess plateau in the degraded vegetation of the Festucion valesiacae Klika 1931 alliance. Up to now, only one recent site was known from the southern andesite slopes of the Kováčovské kopce Hills near Kamenica nad Hronom, where the population is in more optimal stage. We documented the recent occurrence of the species by three phytosociological relevés. H. incana is a rare, threatened species because its habitat, the mosaic of dry grasslands and open oak woodlands are vanishing due to the secondary succession.
Keywords: critically endangered species, loess and xeric grasslands, Podunajská nížina, Burda.
Nové lokality taxónov rodu Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma na Východoslovenskej nížine
New localities of taxa of the genus Taraxacum sect Erythrosperma in the Východoslovenská nížina lowland (Slovakia)
s. 25–30
Abstract: New localities of six rarely noted taxa of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Cichorioideae, Asteraceae) were recorded in the lowland region of Východoslovenská nížina – five taxa with reddish brown achenes from the sect. Erythrosperma: Taraxacum bellicum (3 localities), T. cristatum (1 locality), T. danubium (1 locality), T. erythrospermum (8 localities), T. parnassicum (1 locality), and 1 rarely disseminated form with grey achenes: T. erythrospermum f. achyrocarpum (8 localities).
Keywords: apomixis, Asteraceae, dandelions, taxonomy, Slovakia.
Príspevok k aktuálnemu rozšíreniu sitiny pošvatej (Juncus subnodulosus) na Slovensku
Contribution to the current occurence of Juncus subnodulosus in Slovakia
s. 31–37
Abstract: Juncus subnodulosus belongs to very rare taxa of the Slovak flora. Most of its historical locations were situated in the Podunajská nížina Lowland, but most of them were destroyed and the recent occurrence has been not confirmed. In this paper we publish two new locations of Juncus subnodulosus in the Podunajská nížina Lowland. The first location was found in the surrounding of Boheľov settlement (the site named Karáb) in 2004. Juncus subnodulosus occurs here in degraded vegetation in drained fen peat bog. The second location was found near the village of Orechová Potôň in 2013. The species grows here on the banks of the drainage channel in two small, close to each other lying micropopulations in altered vegetation, which probably represents the fragments of destroyed association Juncetum subnodulosi.
Keywords: critically endangered species, Podunajská nížina Lowland, recent occurrence.
Príspevok k rozšíreniu druhu Hydrocotyle vulgaris na Kysuciach (SZ Slovensko)
Contribution to the occurence of Hydrocotyle vulgaris in the Kysuce region (NW Slovakia)
s. 39–47
Abstract: Hydrocotyle vulgaris (Hydrocotylaceae) is a critically endangered, subatlantic element of the Slovak flora. It occurs only in the Kysuce and Záhorie regions. Thirteen localities of this species are known in areas of the villages Klokočov and Olešná. Six phytosociological relevés with the species occurrence were sampled in 2008–2012 in this region. Hydrocotyle vulgaris occurs in relatively poor fens of the Caricion fuscae and Sphagno recurvi-Caricion canescentis alliances. Negative factors that threaten the species in the Kysuce region are also mentioned (e. g. land drainage, succession).
Keywords: endangered species, fens, Hydrocotylaceae, northwestern Slovakia, threatened plants.
Linnaea borealis (linnéovka severná) na Slovensku
Linnaea borealis (twinflower) in Slovakia.
s. 49–56
Abstract: In this paper a new finding of the relict species Linnaea borealis (Caprifoliaceae) in the Bielovodská dolina Valley (Vysoké Tatry Mts, NE Slovakia) is reported in the context of published data on the distribution of the species, as well as a summary, clarification and evaluation of the information about its occurrence in Slovakia. Linnaea borealis is occuring in the confirmed location in the undergrowth of sparse, only slightly more closed, spruce forest laced with stone pine and mountain ash at an altitude of 1 260 – 1 680 m. The stand has a character of a primeval forest and L. borealis grows here mainly on small and medium-sized boulders, and usually creates smaller micro-stands, often even on the small hills at the base of trees and on the rocky substrate covered with a layer of mosses in the vegetation of the Piceion excelsae alliance.
Keywords: critically endangered species, recent occurrence, Vysoké Tatry Mts.
Nové zaujímavé floristické nálezy okolia Myjavy (západné Slovensko) II
New interesting floristical findings from the Myjava surroundings (Western Slovakia) II.
s. 57–63
Abstract: This article is focused on floristic inventarisation of threatened and endangered vascular plant species. The data were collected between 2012 – 2013 in the surroundings of the town of Myjava. New localities of 27 threatened and rare vascular plants in the Malé Karpaty Mts are presented. The most interesting findings represent threatened species: Epipactis voethii, Limodorum abortivum, Minuartia glaucina and Orchis pallens. Here I present the 4th and 5th locality of Epipactis voethii in Slovakia. All localities are new findings with the exception of Fumana procumbens. But it still remains unclear if the locality of Minuartia glaucina is also new, or if it is only confirmation of an old, already known locality.
Keywords: distribution, threatened and endargened plants, Western Carpathians
Jedľové a jedľovo-smrekové lesy na geobotanickej mape Slovenska
Fir and fir-spruce woods on the geobotanical map of Slovakia.
s. 65–78
Abstract: Mapping unit fir and fir-spruce woods is by definition a specific vegetation type without natural occurrence of Fagus sylvatica, established within the works on the reconstruction of vegetation cover of the Western Carpathians. However, field research in the Veterné hole Mts (phytogeographical subdistrict Lúčanská Fatra) has shown that data on the distribution of fir and fir woods in this mountain range are incorrect. Forest stands in the area mapped as a zone of beechless fir and fir-spruce woods are actually dominated by Fagus sylvatica (with exceptions of cultures and other secondary stands of Picea abies), even above elevations 1 200–1 250 m. A similar picture could be seen in the different mountain ranges of the Western Carpathians (Veľká Fatra, partly Nízke Tatry etc.), presupposed distribution of beechless fir and fir-spruce woods in the other territories of Slovakia (Nízke Tatry, Popradská kotlina, Oravská kotlina etc.) should be re-evaluated as well. It is advised to abandon a delimitation of the mapping unit fir and fir-spruce woods as given in the Geobotanical map of SSR.
Keywords: beechless plant communities, Fagus sylvatica, mapping unit, Veterné hole Mts, Western Carpathians.
Vodná a močiarna flóra a vegetácia vodných nádrží v oblasti Malých Karpát
Aquatic and marsh flora and vegetation of the water ponds in the Malé Karpaty Mts.
s. 79–95
Abstract: Research of the aquatic and marsh flora and vegetation in the Malé Karpaty Mts (SW Slovakia) was realized in 2008–2009. Altogether 26 localities with standing water (mostly water reservoirs of anthropogenic origin) were visited throughout the whole study area. Macrophytes growing directly in the water-body and, marsh plants growing in the littoral zone, strongly influenced by water were observed in 22 of them. Altogether 109 taxa were found (108 vascular plants and 1 stonewort species). Several rare and endangered plants of the flora of Slovakia were registered (e.g. Butomus umbellatus, Carex hartmanii, C. paniculata, Chara fragilis, Najas marina) and, some invasive aliens (Aster novi-belgii agg., Bidens frondosa, Conyza canadensis, Elodea nuttallii) as well. Altogether 17 plant- communities were detected. Most of them (11) belong to marsh vegetation of the class Phragmito-Magno-Caricetea, one to stonewort vegetation of the class Charetea and five to the aquatic communities of the class Potametea.
Keywords: endangered species, macrophytes, vascular plants, Western Carpathians, wetland vegetation.
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