Bulletin Slovenskej botanickej spoločnosti

Bulletin SBS, ročník 43, č. 2/2021

Eliáš, P., st.
K výskytu synantropných rastlín v Starých Horách a v blízkom okolí (stredné Slovensko)

Abstract: The study region in the surroundings of Staré Hory village is a former medieval mining region in Central Slovakia. It was one of the most important mining centers of Europe in the 18th and the first half of 19th century. The village is also an important tourist centre and pilgrimage place. Currently, the European international road along Starohorský potok brook crosses the Staré Hory village. The paper brings unpublished data from the period 1978–1987, when phytocoenological research of anthropogenic biotopes (excluding old mine heaps) in the region was performed. Vascular plants and ruderal plant communities in human settlements (villages, solitudes and seclusions) and along tourist paths/roads were recorded and 18 plant communities were distinguished. Information on the distribution of 134 native (including apophytes) vascular plant species and 58 aliens growing in anthropogenic habitats is given. Nitrophytes, namely Chenopodium bonus-henricus, Malva neglecta and Urtica urens, rare and diminished species of Slovak flora, were recorded. Naturalized neophytes Galinsoga urticifolia, Impatiens glandulifera and I. parviflora were spreading. Individual plants of alien species e.g. Aster novi-belgii agg., Solidago gigantea occurred in the region but they did not form canopies. Heracleum mantegazzianum (an invasive neophyte) was recorded planted in a garden. Usually cultivated species e.g. Calendula officinalis, Hesperis matronalis subsp. matronalis, Parthenocissus quinquefolia and Telekia speciosa were recorded as escaped into wild. Several xerothermophilous species e.g. Arenaria serpyllifolia, Echium vulgare, Medicago lupulina, Melilotus albus, M. officinalis, Microrrhinum minus, Pastinaca sativa were abundant on heaps of slag/cinder near the international road. The data are discussed in the context of the published resources from the Veľká Fatra Mts. and Starohorské vrchy Mts. (Nízke Tatry Mts.). The dynamics of spread of the aliens are discussed.

Keywords: aliens, dispersed settlements, flowering plants, new findings, old post-minig landscape, Starohorské vrchy Mts., Veľká Fatra Mts., Western Carpathians.

Kučera, J.
Rozšírenie vstavačovitých (Orchidaceae) v južnej časti Považského Inovca (západné Slovensko)

Abstract: Based on herbarium specimens and published data 23 taxa and one hybrid taxon of Orchidaceae have been reported from the southern part of Považský Inovec Mts. Out of them, 19 species and one hybrid taxon were confirmed during floristic explorations in the period 1994–2020. Four Epipactis taxa (E. komoricensis, E. leptochila subsp. neglecta, E. leutei, and E. pseudopurpurata) were recorded for the first time in the Považský Inovec Mts. Two other Epipactis species, E. muelleri and E. purpurata are new for the studied part of the Považský Inovec Mts. The occurrences of Cypripedium calceolus and Himantoglossum caprinum have not been confirmed. Despite availability of several suitable habitats, the two recently reported taxa Gymnadenia conopsea subsp. conopsea and Ophrys holubyana have not been recordedin the field. The paper also discusses the influence of succession on the status of habitats and the variation of orchid species at the sites. The link between the landuse and existing landscape mosaic in the past and the abundance of species, e.g. Orchis militaris. On the other hand, an increase in frequence is demonstrated for species confined to more shaded, forest habitats, e.g. Limodorum abortivum or Epipactis microphylla.

Keywords: Carpathians, endangered species, Orchidaceae, recent occurence.

Eliáš, P., ml. & Dítě, D.
Rozšírenie astry zlatovlasej (Galatella linosyris) na Slovensku

Abstract: This paper presents distribution of Galatella linosyris in Slovakia. We recorded the species in 237 quadrants of the Central European mapping grid. The vast majority of the localities is situated in the Pannonian region, especially in the districts of Burda, Ipeľsko-rimavská brázda and Slovenský kras. In the Carpathian region, the species is scattered to rare only in the area of the pre-Carpathian flora and in the Intercarpaticum area (Spišské kotliny Basin). It grows in grassland communities of the class Festuco-Brometea, in fringe communities of the class Trifolio-Geranietea, and rarely also in other types of grassland vegetation, e. g. in subhalophytic communities of the class Festuco-Puccinelietea.

Keywords: Asteraceae, chorology, dry habitats.

Dudáš, M., Fabianová, J., Mártonfiová, L. & Mártonfi, P.
Chromozómové počty, veľkosť genómu, rozšírenie a hybridy deväťsilu bieleho (Petasites albus) na Slovensku

Abstract: The paper reports on chromosome numbers, genome size, distribution and ecological requirements of the White Butterbur (Petasites albus) in Slovakia. Based on the study of herbarium specimens, review of published sources and manuscripts, botanical databases and results of field research we summarize, that the species is widely distributed in the Carpathian part of Slovakia at elevations ranging from 135 to 1630 m, mainly in mountain belt in beech and spruce forests from the submontane to subalpine level. The rarely occurrence of hybrids with closely related species, P. ×rechingeri and P. ×celakovskyi, has been confirmed based on revision of herbarium specimens. Distribution maps for P. albus and its hybrids are also attached as well as full list of the species localities. Chromosome number analysis confirmed 2n = 60 in plants from three localities in Eastern Slovakia. The nuclear DNA content measured in leaves was 2C = 5.73 ± 0.20 pg, or 5606 Mbp and in seeds 2C = 6,26 ± 0.06 pg, or 6123 Mbp.

Keywords: Asteraceae, Central Europe, flow cytometry, hybrids, karyology, occurrence, Senecioneae.

Hrivnák, R., Eliáš, P., ml, Belanová, E., Hrivnák, M., Rízová, V., Tomášiková, D. & Veverka, M.
Zaujímavé nálezy ohrozených cievnatých rastlín z územia stredného Slovenska: komentovaný zoznam údajov z rokov 2019–2020

Abstract: Our study brings new information about distribution of 48 threatened vascular plants from the territory of central Slovakia. Species findings were recorded in 2019 and 2020. The annotated list comprises five endangered (EN), 5 vulnerable (VU), 28 near threatened (NT), 9 least concern (LC) and one data deficient (DD) plant species. The most interesting findings are those of Carex secalina growing in man-made habitat, railway station in the Krupina, Doronicum hungaricum near Hrnčiarska Ves forming relatively large population and Papaver argemone. In addition, rare plant community Rorippo ancipitis-Catabrosetum aquaticae was documented by phytosociological relevé from exposed bottom of Ružiná water reservoir.

Keywords: phytosociological affinity, species distribution, vascular plants, Western Carpathians.

Hrabovský, M.
Revízia morfologickej terminológie, 2. Vývojové štádiá listových orgánov

Abstract: Novelties on leaf evolution can bring news into botanical terminology. Although it is believed that the primary form of a sporophyte is a stem, the leaves are more important in the plant lineages determination. A described relationship between microphyllous and megaphyllous leaves led to the concept of new leaf type called archaeophyll, which lacks any morphological terminology. The existence of archaeophyll can also clarify the relationships in the variable meiophylls, also called appendages. Despite all efforts it is very difficult to determine the boundaries among leaf types since the leaf evolution is a continual process. The revision of terminology is useful for teaching about evolution of plant organs.

Keywords: archaeophyll, euphyll, lycophyll, meiophyll, pteridophyll, sphenophyll.